1. List, describe, and provide an example of each of the five characteristics of high quality information.
- Accuracy: Are all the values correct? E.g. Is the name spelled correctly?
- Completeness: Are any of the values missing? E.g. is the address complete?
- Consistency: Is aggregate or summary information in agreement with detailed information? E.g. do all total fields equal the true total of the individual fields?
- Uniqueness: Is each transaction, entity and event represented only once in the information? E.g. are there any duplicate customers?
- Timeliness: Is the information current with respect to the business requirements? E.g. is information updated weekly, daily or hourly?
2. Define the relationship between a database and a database management system.
A database maintains information about various types of objects (inventory), events (transactions), people (employees) and places (warehouses).
A database management system (DBMS) is the computer program used to manage and query a database.
3. Describe the advantages an organisation can gain by using a database.
- Increased Flexibility: handle changes quickly and easily
- Increased Scalability and Performance: Scalability refers to how well a system can adapt to increase demands. Performance measures how quickly a system performs a certain process or transaction.
- Reduced Information Redundancy: Redundancy is the duplication of information, or storing the same information in multiple places.
- Increased Information Integrity (Quality): Information Integrity is a measure of the quality of information.
- Increased Information Security
4. Define the fundamental concepts of the relational database model.
- Entities and Attributes
o An entity in the relational database model is a person, place, thing, transaction or event about which information is stored.
o Attributes (aka fields or columns) are characteristics or properties of an entity class.
- Keys and Relationships
o Primary Key is a field (or group of fields) that uniquely identifies a given entity in a table.
An illustration of a relational database:
5. Describe the benefits of a data-driven website.
- Development: allows the website owner to make changes any time- all without having to rely on a developer or knowing HTML programming
- Content Management: A static website requires a programmer to make updates. This adds an unnecessary layer between the business and its web content, leading to misunderstandings and slow turnarounds for desired changes
- Future Expandability: Enables the site to grow faster than would be possible with a static site. Changing the layout, displays and functionality of the site is easier with a data-driven solution
- Minimising Human Error: Error-trapping mechanisms to ensure that required information is filled out correctly and that content is entered and displayed in its correct format
- Cutting Production and Update Costs: updates and published by any competent data-entry or administrative person
- More Efficient: System keeps track of the templates, so users do not have to
- Improved Stability: there is peace of mind, knowing the content is never lost- even if your programmer is
6. Describe the roles and purposes of data warehouses and data marts in an organization?
Data Warehouse: a logical collection of information- gathered from many different operational databases- that supports business analysis activities and decision-making tasks. Primary purpose is to aggregate information throughout an organization into a single repository in such a way that employees can make decisions and undertake business analysis activities.
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